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Asturias is a Principality in which whose domains we find proof of settlements all the way to the Palaeolithic era. Afterwards the Mesolithic era the Bronze and Steel ages etc...all of these eras have left their mark on this land. Asturias started to come into history in the 1st century a.d with the roman conquest of these domains. After the Romans, the Visigoths arrived, and were there from the 4th century to the 8th century until the muslim invasion occurred. They tried to occupy this land but the arabs never concquered the area, the land of Don Pelayo. This began the Kingdom of Asturias in 722 for this principality, a monarchy that remained until the 10th century when it began to form part of the Leon Kingdom.
In the year 744 the Battle of Covadonga, lead by Don Pelayo in Cangas de Onis, was the first muslim battle lost in the Iberian Penninsula.
The isolation that the Cantabrian mountains, which are today the European Peaks are what made this area so hard to attack. This area was very isolated during many years, until the 16th century where people began to go there and stay there, with a known population of more than 100,000 inhabitants.
During the 18th century Asturias claimed itself independent, and formed it´s own kingdom. It declared war against France, and it sent ambassadors abroad. In 1812 the Cadis Constitution was developed by Rafael de Riego from Asturias.
During the Reign of Alfonso II the Camino de Santiago was named, as he was the first to make the trip to visit the grave of the apostle.
1388 was a great date for the actual principality, since Juan I of Asturias gave the title of Principality to this Autonomous Community. Centuries later in the 9th century the Ovetenses (people from Oviedo) became the first town to expulse the french after it´s invasion, this way intitiating the rising of Asturias.
The Industrial Revolution came to Asturias in 1830, the carbon industry and the mining began to give richness and prosperity to this area. An industry that was accompanied by steel and iron industry as well as naval industry.
Asturias and it´s miners were also and important point in the Revolution of 1834 against the CEDA. Later in 1936, the Civil War cuts Asturias in two, with it´s two cites of Oviedo and Gijon, as neuralgic center for both sides.
At the end of the 20th century there is a cooling and which leads to the fall of the industrial sector. From this moment on Asturias starts putting certain mechanisms in place using natural resources to make this a claimed tourist spot, which today is exactly this. |